The “Bicentennial International Exhibition of Port-au-Prince, 1949-1950” was held in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, from December 8, 1949, to June 8, 1950. Organized by Haiti, it was a general exhibition of the second category under the 1928 Convention and marked the 200th anniversary of the founding of Port-au-Prince. Known as "The Festival of Peace," it received 250,000 visits.

The BIE registered the Expo at the 22nd session of its General Assembly on December 5, 1948. The Haitian government, led by President Dumarsais Estimé, saw it as a way to draw international attention to Haiti, to beautify and modernize the capital, and to build a tourism industry. A tourism department had been set up in 1947, and more than a dozen new hotels were built for visitors. According to historian Hadassah St. Hubert, the government spent over $4 million on the Expo, out of a national budget of $13.4 million, which drew sharp criticism.

The Expo grounds, the Cité de l'Exposition (later Cité Dumarsais Estimé), were laid out on about 24 hectares along the waterfront of Gonave Bay. The site had been a slum; it was dredged and extended into the sea to create a new waterfront for tourists and residents. Construction was supervised by August Ferdinand Schmiedigen, an architect from New York, and Haitian architect Albert Mangonès also contributed. A boulevard named for U.S. President Harry S. Truman divided the site and was lined with buildings decorated with frescoes of Haitian life.

The national section opened first, with pavilions for agriculture, fine arts and folklore, and a Haitian section whose centerpiece was a musical water fountain. The international section opened on February 12, 1950. Participants included the United States, France, Italy, Belgium, Spain, San Marino, Lebanon, Syria, Canada, Venezuela, Mexico, Argentina, Guatemala, Chile and Cuba, with Palestine, Puerto Rico and Jamaica also represented, along with Vatican City, the United Nations and the Organization of American States.

The cultural program gave a prominent place to Haitian culture, including Vodou traditions that had long been denigrated. The National Folklore Troupe performed at the outdoor Théâtre de Verdure, and the Les Palmistes park offered a carnival, a Ferris wheel and the Ross Manning Shows. Other attractions included botanical gardens, a tropical aquarium and a cockfighting arena. Marian Anderson's concert at the Théâtre de Verdure drew more than 3,000 spectators.

Several Expo buildings became part of the permanent architecture of Port-au-Prince, serving as government offices. Estimé did not see the Expo's close in office: a military coup in May 1950 forced him into exile. His successor, Paul Magloire, built on the new infrastructure to promote tourism, and St. Hubert credits the Expo with opening what has been called the "Golden Age" of Haitian tourism.

In the BIE's index, Expo 1949 Port-au-Prince is the only general exhibition listed between Expo 1939 New York and Expo 1958 Brussels; the other Expos of those years were special exhibitions. Among postwar Expos, it was preceded only by Expo 1947 Paris and the two special exhibitions of 1949 in Lyon and Stockholm. It used the Expo format to present a small Caribbean republic to the world on its own terms.